| Nota di contenuto |
Intro -- Foreword: Rule of Law. Looking for a Warrior Ethos -- Introduction -- Contents -- Sciences and Technologies -- Cyberworld Conflicts -- Outer Space's Legal Framework, Challenges, and Policies -- 1 Foreword -- 2 Legal Frameworks of Activities in Outer Space -- 3 UN Space Agencies -- 4 Space Exploration and Private Industry -- 4.1 NASA Space Exploration -- 4.2 Private Industry in Space -- 5 Challenges of Privatization -- 6 Defense, Militarization and Space -- 7 The Atlantic Alliance's Approach to Space. A New NATO's Space Doctrine? -- 8 The European Union and Outer Space -- The European Union Space Program -- 9 Final Remarks -- References -- A New Arms Race in Space? Options for Arms Control in Outer Space -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Legacy of the Cold War: Dual-Use, Restraint and Space Debris -- 2.1 What Are Space Weapons? -- 2.2 Military Use in Outer Space -- 3 New Anti-satellite Tests: Counterspace, Electronic Warfare and Missile Defence -- 4 Threats and Space Doctrines: New Fighting Domains -- 5 International Rules and Arms Control in the "Interest of All States"? -- References -- Cyberspace, Artificial Intelligence, and the Domain of War. Ethical Challenges and the Guidelines Proposed by the Latin American Development Bank -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Wars Across the Time -- 3 Cyber Security -- 4 Actors of Cyberspace -- 5 Strengthening Security Through the Ethical Use of Data -- 6 Implementation -- 7 The Case of Colombia -- 8 First Guideline-Implementation -- 9 Second Guideline-Data Governance -- 10 Third Guideline-Human Resource -- 11 Conclusions -- References -- Cybersecurity in the Second Decade of the Twenty-First Century -- 1 Introduction -- 2 A Few Words About Cybersecurity -- 3 The Second Decade of the Twenty-First Century -- 4 Study Cases -- 4.1 Stuxnet -- 4.2 Wikileaks -- 4.3 Anonymous -- 4.4 Sony Pictures -- 4.5 Black Energy.
4.6 Russiagate -- 4.7 Equifax 2017 -- 4.8 Wannacry-NotPetya 2017 -- 4.9 Cambridge Analytica -- 4.10 Solar Winds -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Cybercompliance: A Legal but also Ethical Concept that Allows to Reduce the Current High Risks of Corporations -- 1 Introduction. Cybercrime: A Brief Historical Review -- 2 Modus Operandi and Trend Evolution in Cybercrime -- 3 Cyber Objectives and Regulations -- 3.1 Cyber Objectives -- 3.2 Regulations -- 4 Sequence of Conclusions -- 4.1 Regulations, Too Many or Not Enough? Problems -- 4.2 Internal Policies and Rules -- 4.3 Cybercompliance. Legal Entity Liability. An Analysis Focused on Compliance in Cyberspace -- References -- Criminal Law and the Risks Posed by Internet. An Examination of Spanish Criminal Law -- 1 The Background -- 2 The Response of Criminal Law -- 2.1 The Advancement of Punitive Barriers: The Application of the Concept of Crimes of Abstract Danger -- 2.2 The Reformulation of Certain Criminal Concepts -- 2.3 The Creation of New Offences -- 3 Transborder Issues -- the Difficulties of Prosecution -- 3.1 The Harmonisation of Legal Provisions -- 3.2 Procedural Instruments -- 3.3 Areas of Competence and International Cooperation Between Police and Legal Systems -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Human Rights, Big Data and Artificial Intelligence: Elements of a Complex Algorithm -- 1 Consequences of the Big Data and Artificial Intelligence in the Digital Society -- 2 Human and Fundamental Digital Rights, Getting the Future Right -- 3 Discussion -- References -- The Challenge of Disinformation for National Security -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Disinformation in the Post-truth Era -- 3 The Perpetrators: Disinformation Actors -- 4 Disinformation Strategic Goals -- 5 The Strategic Logic of Disinformation in International Relations -- 6 How to Fight Disinformation Campaigns in Democratic Societies.
7 Conclusion -- References -- Ethics and Law Facing Other Current Conflicts -- Ethical Behaviour and Social Responsability from the Perspective of Modern Psychology -- 1 Past Ideas-Social Psychology Experiments -- 1.1 Asch Conformity Experiment -- 1.2 Milgram Experiment -- 1.3 Stanford Prison Experiment -- 1.4 Summary-Hope for a Better World -- 2 Times of Doubt -- 2.1 XX Century-Process of Changing Values of Social Responsibility -- 3 What Happened at the Beginning of 21st Century? -- 3.1 Between Biological Determination and Individualistic Freedom -- 3.2 Return to Humanism and Individualistic Development - Positive Psychology Framework -- 4 What Can We Expect in the Future? -- 4.1 What Are We Left with? -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Conflict and Territory: A Legal and Metalegal Approach. The Case of Spain -- 1 Introduction and Context -- 1.1 Forms of Government and State -- 1.2 The Genesis Towards the Modern State from a Continental Point of View -- 1.3 The Common Good as Justification of the State -- 2 Why Do Societies Increasingly Delegate More Powers to Peripheral Entities? -- 2.1 On the Way to Organize Power and the State -- 2.2 The Social Constructivism Typical of Current Constitutions -- 2.3 Centrifugal Territorial Distribution of Power in the Current Political Architecture -- 2.4 Personalism and Law -- 3 The Crisis of the State? -- 4 The Spanish Case -- 5 Conclusions and Learned Lessons -- References -- Ethical Considerations in the Area of Operations. The Use of Unmanned Military Systems and the Introduction of Artificial Intelligence on the Battlefield -- 1 Introduction -- 2 What Is an Autonomous System? -- 3 Risk Versus Effectiveness -- 4 The Legal Dimension -- 5 Offensive Versus Defensive -- 6 Heuristic Versus Self-learning -- 7 Conclusions -- References.
Challenges Facing the Response to the Covid 19 Pandemic. Individual Versus Global Responses. Ethical Issues -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Public Response to the Pandemic -- 3 Different Responses to the Pandemic: China, Italy and Spain, and USA -- 3.1 China -- 3.2 Italy and Spain -- 3.3 USA -- 4 Ethical Issues Regarding the Pandemic -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Axiological, Economic and Legal Challenges for the Functioning of the Energy Union in the Context of Energy Security of the European Union -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Evolution of the Concept of Energy Security Within the European Union-A Literature Overview -- 3 The Change of the Perception of the Issue of Energy Security in the EU -- 4 The Concept of the Energy Union of the EU Member States -- 5 The execution of the Project of Energy Union-Main Challenges -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- Freedom of Speech in Times of Crisis: The Case of Spain During the COVID-19 Pandemic -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Freedom of Speech in International Law -- 2.1 Freedom of Speech and the Right to Access Information -- 2.2 Derogation from the Right to Free Speech -- 3 Violations in Spain -- 3.1 Physical Attack on Journalists -- 3.2 Lack of Transparency and Hurdles in Accessing Information -- 3.3 The Use of Penal Law to Combat Disinformation -- 4 Structural Issues -- 4.1 Freedom to Access Information not a Fundamental Right -- 4.2 Excessive Limitations on Political Criticism -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Media Securitization in the Migration Crisis in Spain 2020-2021: The Case of Canary Islands and Ceuta -- 1 Introduction: Migration as a Media Securitization Issue -- 2 The Migration-Security Nexus. A Theoretical Debate Without Empirical Evidence -- 3 Method and Research Design -- 4 Findings -- 5 Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- Index.
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Security and defence : ethical and legal challenges in the face of current conflicts / / edited by Juan Cayón Peña
